Improved Understanding of Speed Gene Helps Thoroughbreds

Advances in genetic research and molecular techniques recently led to the discovery of the so-called “speed gene” in horses. Continued research in this field* revealed that this gene—more correctly called the MSTN gene—was responsible for producing myostatin, a major protein involved in muscle contraction.

“Despite being dubbed the speed gene, analysis of the MSTN gene actually helps predict a horse’s optimal race distance rather than speed,” said Laura Petroski-Rose, B.V.M.S., a Kentucky Equine Research veterinarian.

What else have we learned about this gene over the course of the past few years?

• Many genes influence performance; however, the MSTN gene is the major contributor to predicting optimal race distance;
• Training and preparation of horses also contributes to success; and
• Genetic analysis can help make breeding decisions not only for producing foals with a specific race distance aptitude but also for integrating genetic diversity.

“Regardless of how genes are interpreted, and therefore at what distance the horse will be most competitive, be sure to support recovery following training and performance,” Petroski-Rose advised.

Kentucky Equine Research has formulated several supplements to replace valuable electrolytes lost during exercise and sweating. Restore SR results in a slow-release of sodium that gradually supplies the electrolyte to the horse, which allows sustained absorption. In Australia, look for Restore, a research-proven source of electrolytes.

For post-race electrolyte supplementation, especially horses receiving furosemide, Race Recovery is ideal.

“It’s also important to offer joint supplements early in an athletic horse’s career to keep delicate joint tissues healthy, before the onset of wear-and-tear injuries,” advised Petroski-Rose.

Kentucky Equine Research offers KER-Flex with glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, Synovate HA, containing high molecular weight hyaluronic acid, and EO-3 with marine-derived omega-3s DHA and EPA, which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties.

Australian horse owners should also look for Glucos-A-Flex in addition to Synovate HA and EO-3.

Finally, antioxidant supplementation can help horses recover quickly from exercise. Nano-Q10, also developed by Kentucky Equine Research, contains coenzyme Q10, a strong antioxidant that protects cells from natural chemicals called free radicals, which can damage cells and delay recovery from exercise.

*Hill, E.W., B.A. McGivney, M.F. Rooney, et al. The contribution of myostatin (MSTN) and additional modifying genetic loci to race distance aptitude in Thoroughbred horses racing in different geographic regions. Equine Veterinary Journal. In press.