Question
Is there any one body condition score that is optimal for all horses?
Answer
Body condition depends on multiple factors: age, breed, class of horse, metabolism, fitness, athletic pursuit, environment, and health status, among other dynamics. Using the well-known body condition scoring system of 1 to 9, where 1 denotes extreme emaciation and 9 indicates obesity, most caretakers strive to keep their horses in moderately thin (a score of 4) to moderately fleshy (a score of 6) condition.
Providing a blanket statement on optimal body condition proves difficult, though. Some hard-working horses struggle to maintain appropriate weight even with the best of care when asked for peak performance, especially when coupled with a nervous disposition, lack of appetite, or expectations outside of the athletic demands, such as frequent travel. Inappetence in elite performance horses is a particular concern.
On the other hand, many idle horses fight obesity and the metabolic irregularities that sometimes accompany persistent excessive body condition.
One other thought: because a horse carries good weight does not mean it is optimally nourished. Appropriate body condition is a measure of sufficient energy intake, whereas optimal nutrition depends on the consumption of all vital nutrients at appropriate levels for the individual horse. This is why, for instance, equine nutritionists recommend that horses fed all-forage diets be given a vitamin/mineral supplement. Forage often provides enough energy for maintenance of weight, or even weight gain, yet it does not provide all of the nutrients necessary for peak health.
Like humans, horses also experience weight fluctuations in the course of their lives: a growthy yearling may be ribby despite an appropriate diet; a middle-aged show horse might feel the strain of a restrictive cinch due to excessive bloom; a geriatric broodmare might grapple with turning ample groceries into weight gain. A watchful eye on body condition will keep these variations to a minimum, though. Excessive weight gain or loss should be addressed by a veterinarian.
From a nutritional perspective, regular consultation with an equine nutritionist to ensure nutrient needs are met will provide peace of mind for horse owners. A Kentucky Equine Research nutrition advisor can help you determine if your horse’s ration is appropriate. Contact us today!
